What Is Glaucoma? Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of permanent vision loss worldwide. It often develops slowly and without pain, which is why many people do not realize they have it until serious damage has already occurred. Early diagnosis through a glaucoma test is the best way to protect your sight.

At Aarya Eye Care, we help patients detect and manage glaucoma effectively with advanced eye testing and treatments.

What Is Glaucoma?

Glaucoma is an eye condition that damages the optic nerve — the part of the eye that sends visual information to your brain. This damage usually happens when pressure builds up inside the eye, known as intraocular pressure (IOP). Over time, high pressure can harm the optic nerve and cause vision loss if not treated.

There are different types of glaucoma, and each develops differently:

• Open-angle glaucoma (the most common type) progresses slowly.

• Angle-closure glaucoma appears suddenly and requires immediate medical attention.

• Normal-tension glaucoma occurs even when eye pressure is normal.

Causes of Glaucoma

Glaucoma occurs when fluid in the front part of the eye (called aqueous humor) does not drain properly, causing pressure to increase.
Some common causes and risk factors include:

• Increased intraocular pressure

• Family history of glaucoma

• Age above 40 years

• Diabetes or hypertension

• Long-term use of steroid eye drops

• Eye injury or previous eye surgery

If you have any of these risk factors, it’s important to get a glaucoma test in Thrissur regularly.

Symptoms of Glaucoma

In the early stages, glaucoma may not show any noticeable symptoms. As it progresses, symptoms can include:

• Blurred or hazy vision

• Seeing halos around lights

• Gradual loss of peripheral (side) vision

• Eye pain or redness (in acute cases)

• Headaches and nausea

If you experience any of these symptoms, schedule an appointment immediately at a trusted eye hospital.

Diagnosis: The Importance of a Glaucoma Test

Detecting glaucoma early is crucial because vision loss caused by it cannot be reversed. A glaucoma test includes several quick and painless procedures such as:

• Tonometry: Measures eye pressure.

• Ophthalmoscopy: Checks the optic nerve for damage.

• Visual field test: Evaluates peripheral vision.

• Pachymetry: Measures corneal thickness.

At Aarya Eye Care, one of the best eye care hospitals in Thrissur, our specialists use advanced diagnostic tools to detect even the earliest signs of glaucoma.

Treatment Options for Glaucoma

Although glaucoma cannot be cured, its progression can be slowed or stopped with proper treatment. Common options include:

1. Prescription Eye Drops
   These help lower eye pressure by improving fluid drainage or reducing fluid production.

2. Oral Medications
   Sometimes used when eye drops are not enough to control pressure.

3. Laser Therapy
   Laser procedures such as trabeculoplasty or iridotomy can improve fluid drainage.

4. Surgery
   In advanced cases, surgical options like trabeculectomy or implant surgery may be recommended.

At Aarya Eye Care, treatment plans are personalized based on the stage and type of glaucoma.

Preventing Vision Loss from Glaucoma

While glaucoma cannot always be prevented, you can reduce the risk of severe vision loss by:

• Scheduling regular eye exams

• Maintaining healthy blood pressure and sugar levels

• Avoiding self-medication with steroid eye drops

• Wearing protective eyewear to prevent eye injury

When to See an Eye Specialist

If you notice blurred vision, halos, or eye discomfort, don’t delay your eye checkup. Glaucoma develops silently, but with timely care, its damage can be minimized.

For early detection and effective treatment, visit Aarya Eye Care, the best eye care hospital in Thrissur. Our specialists offer accurate glaucoma tests and advanced treatment options to help protect your vision.