Afghanistan is a country often known for its rugged mountains, rich culture, and centuries-old history. For first-time travelers, the experience can feel like stepping into a world where time slows down and traditions remain strong. If you’re planning your first visit, knowing the best things to do in Afghanistan will help you explore safely, meaningfully, and with unforgettable memories.

This guide covers the top 10 must-do experiences in Afghanistan, from exploring historic landmarks and scenic landscapes to engaging with local life. Whether you’re a history lover, adventure seeker, or cultural explorer, Afghanistan offers a truly unique journey.

1. Explore the Historic City of Herat

Herat is often called the “Cultural Capital of Afghanistan.” With its Herat Citadel (dating back to Alexander the Great) and Friday Mosque featuring mesmerizing blue tiles, the city is a must-visit.

👉 Travel Tip: Visit in the morning for fewer crowds and enjoy chai (tea) in a nearby teahouse to soak up local life.

2. Visit the Blue Mosque in Mazar-i-Sharif

The Shrine of Hazrat Ali, popularly known as the Blue Mosque, is one of Afghanistan’s most iconic landmarks. Its turquoise mosaics and peaceful courtyard offer both spiritual and cultural experiences.

👉 Travel Tip: If visiting during Nowruz (Persian New Year), you’ll witness massive cultural celebrations and colorful festivals.

3. Discover the Bamiyan Valley

Famous for the ancient Buddha statues (destroyed in 2001), Bamiyan still attracts travelers for its caves, carvings, and breathtaking landscapes. It’s also the gateway to Band-e Amir National Park.

👉 Travel Tip: Stay overnight in a local guesthouse to experience Afghan hospitality.

4. Relax at Band-e Amir National Park

Known as Afghanistan’s first national park, Band-e Amir features six crystal-blue lakes surrounded by dramatic cliffs. It’s often compared to the Grand Canyon for its natural beauty.

👉 Travel Tip: Pack warm clothes, as nights can get cold even in summer.

5. Wander Through Kabul’s Markets

Kabul offers a mix of modern and traditional. Visit Chicken Street for antiques, carpets, jewelry, and handicrafts. The city’s bazaars also provide a perfect glimpse into Afghan daily life.

👉 Travel Tip: Bargaining is common—negotiate politely when shopping.

6. Trek in the Panjshir Valley

The Panjshir Valley is one of Afghanistan’s most scenic areas, surrounded by the Hindu Kush mountains. It’s a paradise for trekkers and nature lovers.

👉 Travel Tip: Hire a local guide for safe trekking routes and insider knowledge.

7. Explore the Ancient City of Balkh

Balkh, known as the “Mother of Cities,” is one of the world’s oldest urban centers. It’s associated with famous poets like Rumi and offers ruins, mosques, and Sufi heritage.

👉 Travel Tip: Pair your visit with Mazar-i-Sharif since the two cities are close.

8. Experience Afghan Cuisine

Food is central to Afghan culture. Try Kabuli Pulao (rice with lamb, carrots, and raisins), Mantu (dumplings), and fresh naan bread. Sharing meals with locals is a highlight for many visitors.

👉 Travel Tip: Street food is tempting, but eat at reputable spots to avoid stomach issues.

9. Witness Traditional Festivals

From Nowruz celebrations in Mazar-i-Sharif to smaller local festivals, Afghanistan is full of traditions. Attending one gives travelers insight into Afghan culture and hospitality.

👉 Travel Tip: Always ask before taking photos at festivals to respect cultural norms.

10. Journey into the Wakhan Corridor

For adventurous travelers, the Wakhan Corridor offers remote trekking, wildlife spotting, and a chance to meet the Wakhi and Kyrgyz nomadic communities.

👉 Travel Tip: Travel here requires preparation—bring cash, supplies, and proper gear.

FAQs About Things to Do in Afghanistan

1. Is it safe to travel to Afghanistan in 2025?
Safety varies by region. Always check official travel advisories and consider traveling with local guides or reputable tour operators.

2. What are the must-see cities for first-time visitors?
Kabul, Herat, Bamiyan, Mazar-i-Sharif, and Balkh are the top recommended cities.

3. Can I travel on a budget in Afghanistan?
Yes. Guesthouses, shared taxis, and local eateries make it affordable compared to many destinations.

4. What’s the best season to visit Afghanistan?
Spring (March–May) and autumn (September–November) are ideal for both weather and festivals.

Conclusion

For first-time travelers, Afghanistan offers a journey into history, culture, and untouched landscapes. From the Blue Mosque in Mazar-i-Sharif to the lakes of Band-e Amir and the mountains of Panjshir, every experience feels authentic and unforgettable.

Travel here requires preparation and respect for local traditions, but the reward is an adventure you won’t find anywhere else. If you’re ready to step off the beaten path, these 10 best things to do in Afghanistan will help you create memories that last a lifetime.