What is Diabetes?
Diabetes is a chronic (long-term) health condition that affects how your body turns food into energy. Normally, your body breaks down food into sugar (glucose) and releases it into the blood. The hormone insulin, made by the pancreas, helps glucose enter the cells to be used as energy.
If you have diabetes, your body either doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use insulin properly.
This causes high blood sugar (hyperglycemia), which over time can damage organs, nerves, and blood vessels.
Types of Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes
Autoimmune condition: body attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
Usually diagnosed in children or young adults.
Requires daily insulin injections.
Type 2 Diabetes
Most common type (90–95% cases).
Body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t produce enough.
Often linked with obesity, unhealthy lifestyle, and family history.
Can be managed with diet, exercise, medications, and sometimes insulin.
Gestational Diabetes
Develops in some women during pregnancy.
Usually disappears after childbirth but increases risk of Type 2 diabetes later.
Common Symptoms of Diabetes
Frequent urination (পেশাব বারবার হওয়া)
Excessive thirst (বেশি পানি খাওয়ার ইচ্ছা)
Unexplained weight loss
Extreme hunger
Fatigue / weakness
Blurred vision
Slow healing of cuts and wounds
Tingling or numbness in hands/feet
Risk Factors
Family history of diabetes
Overweight / obesity
Physical inactivity
Unhealthy diet (too much sugar, junk food, refined carbs)
High blood pressure and cholesterol
Age (risk increases after 40, but rising in younger people)
Possible Complications (if uncontrolled)
Heart disease and stroke
Kidney disease
Nerve damage (neuropathy)
Eye damage (retinopathy → blindness)
Foot problems (ulcers, infections, sometimes amputation)
Dental problems
Prevention & Management
Healthy Diet: Eat whole grains, vegetables, lean proteins, avoid excess sugar & refined carbs.
Regular Exercise: At least 30 minutes daily (walking, cycling, swimming).
Weight Management: Keep body weight in healthy range.
Regular Checkups: Monitor blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol.
Medication/Insulin: As prescribed by doctor.
Quit Smoking & Limit Alcohol
Diabetes has no permanent cure, but it can be managed effectively with lifestyle changes, proper medication, and regular monitoring.
🔹 What is Diabetes?
Diabetes is a chronic (long-term) health condition that affects how your body turns food into energy. Normally, your body breaks down food into sugar (glucose) and releases it into the blood. The hormone insulin, made by the pancreas, helps glucose enter the cells to be used as energy.
If you have diabetes, your body either doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use insulin properly.
This causes high blood sugar (hyperglycemia), which over time can damage organs, nerves, and blood vessels.
🔹 Types of Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes
Autoimmune condition: body attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
Usually diagnosed in children or young adults.
Requires daily insulin injections.
Type 2 Diabetes
Most common type (90–95% cases).
Body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t produce enough.
Often linked with obesity, unhealthy lifestyle, and family history.
Can be managed with diet, exercise, medications, and sometimes insulin.
Gestational Diabetes
Develops in some women during pregnancy.
Usually disappears after childbirth but increases risk of Type 2 diabetes later.
🔹 Common Symptoms of Diabetes
Frequent urination (পেশাব বারবার হওয়া)
Excessive thirst (বেশি পানি খাওয়ার ইচ্ছা)
Unexplained weight loss
Extreme hunger
Fatigue / weakness
Blurred vision
Slow healing of cuts and wounds
Tingling or numbness in hands/feet
🔹 Risk Factors
Family history of diabetes
Overweight / obesity
Physical inactivity
Unhealthy diet (too much sugar, junk food, refined carbs)
High blood pressure and cholesterol
Age (risk increases after 40, but rising in younger people)
🔹 Possible Complications (if uncontrolled)
Heart disease and stroke
Kidney disease
Nerve damage (neuropathy)
Eye damage (retinopathy → blindness)
Foot problems (ulcers, infections, sometimes amputation)
Dental problems
🔹 Prevention & Management
Healthy Diet: Eat whole grains, vegetables, lean proteins, avoid excess sugar & refined carbs.
Regular Exercise: At least 30 minutes daily (walking, cycling, swimming).
Weight Management: Keep body weight in healthy range.
Regular Checkups: Monitor blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol.
Medication/Insulin: As prescribed by doctor.
Quit Smoking & Limit Alcohol
👉 Diabetes has no permanent cure, but it can be managed effectively with lifestyle changes, proper medication, and regular monitoring.
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